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• Mebendazole, albendazole, or pyrantel pamoate

Because pinworm infestation is seldom harmful, prevalence is high, and reinfestation is common, treatment is indicated only for symptomatic infections. However, most parents actively seek treatment when their children have pinworms.

A single dose of any of the following, repeated in 2 wk, is effective in eradicating pinworms (but not ova) in > 90% of cases:

• Mebendazole 100 mg po (regardless of age)

• Albendazole 400 mg po

• Pyrantel pamoate 11 mg/kg (maximum dose of 1 g) po

Carbolated petrolatum (ie, containing carbolic acid) or other antipruritic creams or ointments applied to the perianal region may relieve itching.

Pinworm reinfestation is common because viable ova may be excreted for 1 wk after therapy, and ova deposited in the environment before therapy can survive 3 wk. Multiple infestations within the household are common, and treatment of the entire family may be necessary.

The following can help prevent the spread of pinworm:

• Washing the hands with soap and warm water after using the toilet, after changing diapers, and before handling food (the most successful way)

• Frequently washing clothing, bedding, and toys

• If people are infected, showering every morning to help remove eggs on the skin

• Vacuuming he environment to try to eliminate eggs

• Pinworm infestation is the most common helminthic infection in the US; most cases occur in school-aged children, in adults who care for children, or in family members of an infected child.

• Pinworm infestation is seldom harmful, and reinfestation is common.

• Ova deposited in the environment can survive 3 wk.

• Pinworm eggs may be ingested when people touch their mouth after they scratch their perianal area or after they handle contaminated clothes or other objects (eg, bed linens).

• Most infected people have no symptoms or signs, but some experience perianal pruritus.

• Diagnose pinworm infestation by collecting ova in the morning on cellophane tape and using a low-power microscope to identify them; diagnosis can also be made by finding the female worm in the perianal region 1 or 2 h after a child goes to bed at night.

• If patients have symptomatic infections, treat with mebendazole, albendazole, or pyrantel pamoate.